Despite the sharp increase in prevalence, the study notes that the overall health impact has remained relatively stable in comparison.
Global Liver Disease Cases Surge 143% Since 1990, May Hit 1.8 Billion by 2050: Lancet Study
A new global analysis has flagged a steep rise in liver-related disorders worldwide, linking the trend to growing metabolic risks driven by changing lifestyles, obesity, and rising blood sugar levels.
According to findings based on the Global Burden of Disease 2023 dataset, published in The Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology, around 1.3 billion people were living with liver disease in 2023. The study highlights a dramatic 143 percent increase in cases since 1990, reflecting a long-term escalation in metabolic health conditions globally.
Researchers identified metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) as one of the key contributors to this rising burden, particularly as non-communicable diseases continue to dominate global health patterns.
Despite the sharp increase in prevalence, the study notes that the overall health impact has remained relatively stable in comparison. Experts suggest this may be due to improvements in early detection, medical care, and disease management, allowing more patients to be treated before reaching advanced stages.
However, the outlook remains concerning. The analysis projects that global cases could rise to nearly 1.8 billion by 2050 if current dietary and lifestyle trends persist. Younger adults in low- and middle-income countries are expected to be increasingly affected due to rapid urbanisation and shifting food habits.
The burden is not evenly distributed across regions, with higher prevalence reported in North Africa and the Middle East compared to other parts of the world, according to the study data.
Experts caution that continued growth in cases could eventually lead to a higher incidence of severe complications, including liver cirrhosis and liver cancer, underscoring the need for stronger preventive healthcare systems, early screening, and lifestyle-focused interventions worldwide.
